Ethical Dilemma of Cloning and the Views of Ethical Theories

Identify How 2 Different Ethical Theories Would View The Ethical Dilemma

Identify Relevant Nursing Standards Or Codes (Cno Standards Or Codes)

Science has become more advance then anyone would ever thought of. There are many new inventions in the field of science on regular basis. All these inventions are invented to make the life of people easier. There are also some inventions done by which genetically identified individuals can be produced. In this discussion a light is thrown on “Cloning”. The process of cloning is having advantage as it can produce identifies individuals naturally as well as artificially.

But the ethical problems which are faced in the process of cloning is because it distorts family relationships and sense of human dignity is also lost. It is also believed by several people that organisms which are produced by the process of Cloning are selfish and they will only focus on their own. Since, child is a gift of god and in cloning parents can design their own child with their expectations and this is considered to be a violation of ethics (Häyry, 2018).   

“Cloning” is the process by which genetically identified individuals of an organism can be produced. It can be done by both ways artificially and naturally. It is a biotechnological term. It simple words, it is the process of creating copies of cells or DNA fragments.  

According to this theory, an action is right or wrong as a consequence of the non-moral good the action produces. This theory supports the process of cloning because if something can cause happiness in large numbers then it should be allowed. There are also certain benefits of cloning because parents can also produce same identical twins with the help of this process. And if one child is unhealthy they can transfer that part from cloned child as they are genetically same. And by this way both of them can remain healthy.

According to this theory, “we have no duty except to do what is best for ourselves”. This theory suggests the self-interest. Cloning is considered to be another driving force to push the limits of the human gene. The generation of “baby boomers” have been influenced greatly in the areas of health and life. Cloning technology opens the door of genetics. This will also increase the possibilities of life and it can also create happiness (W, 2011).

Cloning can have many side effects as well and it can also result in damage some of external things. Human moral and beliefs can also be damaged because of cloning. Cloning is also considered the process which is against nature as it is the artificial process of producing organism.  There are also some of the religious point of view which considered cloning to be unethical. In Holy Quran it is emphasized on the creation of human and other marriage traditions. Cloning can also hurt human emotions (Nabavizadeh, Mehrabani, & Manafi, 2016).  

Ethical Theories

This is the second fundamental principle of bio-ethics. This principle prevents others from causing any harm and losses. It can be said that this principle eliminates the factor of harm. And if cloned individuals have any special capability it can be used for others rather than cloned individual himself.

The main thing in every action is consent. The main principle of bio-ethics is consent. The main issue in the process on cloning is the consent. Consent of cloned individuals is required because it is very important to know that cloned individuals are satisfies or not and is it permit the unnatural ay of producing individuals. But it is not possible to ask cloned individual because they are not present at the time of experiment and after completion of process nothing can be stated.

There are seven nursing standards which are set by CNO and every standard has its importance and they all are interconnected.

1. Accountability
2. Continuing Competence
3. Ethics
4. Knowledge
5. Knowledge Application
6. Leadership
7. Relationship(College of Nurses of Ontario, 2018).

Ethics and Accountability are two nursing standards which are useful in cloning process. Cloning is still the process which can affect the ethics because cloned individuals are still not given a right to be called as humans. As humans are creations of God. And according to ethics of people humans are ones whom is created by god. And form legal point of view also cloning can also be performed with the justification of court.

This act states that how the nursing profession is regulated in Canada. This act contains the scope of practice statements and acts which are authorized to nursing. This act also contains the permitted actions and processes that are applicable in regulating the health profession in Canada.

This act presents the right of Canadian people. But human right act does not have any specific place in Canadian law. According to law there are some provisions which are set by government to protect the rights of the people (Canadian Human Rights Reporter, 2013).

Since, Cloning requires a constitutional justification it cannot be performed by private individuals who are involved in medical activities. Because cloning is the process through which everyone will get affected directly or indirectly. Human rights act says that equal opportunities will be provided to humans but cloned individual are not considered human yet because they are created with skills which is put in them by other individuals. And because of that this act if also violated.

Conclusion

“Cloning” should be considering a right process because it is helping in developing new similar genetic organism. Cloning can also help in developing individuals with some special feature and this can be helpful in development of others. Cloning is considered to be wrong by many individuals and from many religious points of view as it involves artificial way of producing other individuals. But it is useful in treating diseases of two individuals with same genetics. Hence, Cloning can bring happiness in the lives of many people.  

References

Canadian Human Rights Reporter. (2013). Canadian Human Rights Reporter. Retrieved 01 20, 2020, from HUMAN RIGHTS LAW BASICS: https://www.cdn-hr-reporter.ca/content/human-rights-law-basics

College of Nurses of Ontario. (2018). Professional Standards. Retrieved 01 20, 2020, from College of Nurses of Ontario: https://www.cno.org/en/learn-about-standards-guidelines/educational-tools/learning-modules/professional-standards/

Häyry, M. (2018). Ethics and cloning. British Medical Bulletin, 128(1), 15–21.

Nabavizadeh, S. L., Mehrabani, D., & Manafi, F. (2016). Cloning: A Review on Bioethics, Legal, Jurisprudence and Regenerative Issues in Iran. World Journal of Plastic Surgery, 5(3), 213-225.

W, J. (2011). A New Age Ethical Theory and the Acceptance of Human Cloning. Doctor of Humane Letters in Christian Ethics, 6-7.