Estate Planning Case Study

Estate Planning case study

Bruce and Samantha Lee are a married couple aged in their early 40’s and have come to you for some financial advice around the protection of their wealth and other risks that they face. They are concerned about accumulating sufficient wealth for their retirement, while at the same time living a relatively comfortable life and providing the highest possible education for their three children Andrea (19), Mitchell (9) and Taylor (5).

			Bruce			Samantha
Date of Birth			09/06/1974			26/02/1976
Age			45			43
Marital status			Married			Married
Children			3 children aged 20, 9 and 5
Employment
Work status			Full Time			Flexible hours
Occupation			HR consultant			Accountant (self?employed)
Health
Smoker			No			No
Estate planning
Will			No			No
Power of attorney			No			Yes
Enduring power of attorney			No			Yes
Savings and Expenses								Amount ($)
Bruce’s Salary before tax								147,500
Samantha’s net income from business partnership (before tax)								112,000
Other income								1,500
Income before tax								261,000

Household / living expenses		(72,000)
Loan repayments (Principle and interest)		(32,748)
		(10,000)
Holidays and entertainment		(20,000)
		134,748
Total Surplus before tax		126,525
Note: Figures are for the prior financial year
Amount Outstanding	Interest rate
$420,000 (25 years)	3.7%
$10,000 (10 years to maturity	6.0%
– recently refinanced)
$12,000	12.5%

Assets

Asset	Cost price and date of Purchase	Market value
Home	$505,000 in 2014	$840,000
Contents	$140,000	$150,000
Cars (2)	$108,000	$82,000
Campervan	$32,000 in 2012	$28,000
Bank account		$20,000
Bitcoin		$40,000
Term deposit		$15,000
Share portfolio	$20,000 in 2009	$45,000
Office furniture for business (share)	$60,000 in 2012	$50,000
Superannuation (MLC Masterkey
Super retail fund )
?Bruce		$230,000
?Samantha		$50,000
Total assets		$1,550,000

• The couple would like to send their 2 younger children to a private school when they move into secondary school at age 12. Andrea is at university in the second year of a Bachelor of Arts. Bruce and Samantha would like to pay her fees up front so she does not have a HECS debt and to that end have paid her first years fees already.

• Their 9-year-old child, Mitchell, has a physical disability but has normal cognitive function and learning capacity. The couple would like to provide some additional financial support for him when he becomes an adult.

• You can assume that funeral and final medical expenses would be $20,000. Assume that if either Samantha or Bruce were seriously injured, out-of-pocket medical expenses would amount to $25,000. Bruce and Samantha do not have private medical insurance nor have they considered or made any legal provision regarding medical treatment decisions •Bruce’s father had a stroke at 53 and was unable to work after that.

• Samantha’s brother is her attorney. The power of attorney and enduring power of attorney were established 20 years ago before her brother moved to Hong Kong. She has not heard from him since that time.

• Samantha and Bruce intend to retire at 60 and 65 respectively, at which time they expect to be able to live off the income derived from their superannuation accounts.

• Samantha is a 50% partner of ‘All Accounts Accountants’ with her lifetime friend Mai from university. The business has made a consistent 45% profit on turnover over the past 7 years. •All Accounts’ office furniture consists of a computer which holds all records of the business. All information is backed up via a USB memory stick and they annually update their Norton security software

• Assume a CPI rate of 2.5 per cent p.a.
  
  
• Samantha and Bruce’s life expectancy is estimated at 85 years and 83 years respectively.
  
  
• Bruce works as a HR consultant for a major financial services business.

• Included in the contents list are several items of antique furniture items that were passed to Samantha from her grandmother and have a current value of $87,000.

• The couple are looking to travel to Europe next year with the children for four weeks on a family holiday that is expected to cost $40,000. (The couple intend to use Bruce’s substantial Qantas Frequent Flyer points, around 1,000,000 points, accumulated from his previous employment to book the best seats they can on the plane for the trip).

• Mai and Samantha have never made a formal written agreement regarding the business but have estimated that if one of them was to die then the value of the business would $1.20 per dollar of gross fee income received.

• Living expenses of approximately $700 per month per each child would end when they cease to be dependent, which can be assumed at age 24 for each child.

• You can assume that in case of one of the couple dying prematurely, the couple’s living expenses would fall by 20 per cent.

• Bruce and Samantha have life insurance and TPD cover with their superannuation. They elected to take the standard cover with MLC Lifestage insurance. Both are worried that they may be under insured and Samantha wants her TPD cover to come under the “own?occupation” definition of TPD. Bruce also has an agreed income protection insurance policy of $4,000 per month payable to age

60 with a 90-day wait period for which he currently pays $300 per month. The couple has a Home  and Contents policy and Third Party policies on their cars and campervan. They have no other insurance policies in place.

• All Accounts currently rents premises for conducting its business.
• Samantha does not currently contribute any money to superannuation.
• Bruce made an investment in bitcoin during the year as he thought it was a good long-term investment.
• Bruce has a rather large iTunes collection but otherwise has minimal use of the internet while Samantha is a heavy Facebook user and All Accounts does most of its business digitally.

After analysing their personal circumstances, prepare a limited Statement of Advice (SOA) to Bruce and Samantha. Ensure that you summarise their current estate planning and insurance positions, outline the potential risks and losses they are exposed to, justify and explain the types of cover you would recommended to cover their risks and the amount of cover you would put in place. It is expected that you will explain the various policy features as well as typical exclusions likely to be experienced and also discuss the merits for and against holding their various personal insurance policies within their superannuation funds including the tax implications of the cost of the premiums. You are not required to recommend specific policies. Include in your Statement of Advice analysis and recommendations that relate to the couples digital assets. The limited SOA should contain a Covering Letter addressed to the couple detailing the purpose and general content of the report and a Table of Contents.

Bruce and Samantha Lee profile

The role of the adviser has been to provide the client with the financial advice and planning in order to gain their financial goals and objectives and enhance their wealth for the customers by exploiting their strategies that would be out of the scope of the client. The financial plan would be including your details and facts which would be helping me to formulate appropriate advises for the products which is to be suggested. In order to carry out the financial planning process in an appropriate manner, your goals and objectives needs to be specified appropriately so that a level of accuracy can be maintained in the financial planning process. The products and the services that the financial consultant are authorised to provide suggestions on are all financial products like the Australian equities and International equities along with investments in balanced funds.

This summary provides information regarding your needs and objectives and would also be considering your present situation for the purpose of framing of our advice. The advice considers different factors which is associated with superannuation and life insurance needs which you have at present and the same which you want to change as per the goals and objectives which you have established. The objectives which you ae looking to achieve with the help of the financial plan are discussed below in details:

• You would like to send their 2 younger children to a private school when they move into secondary school at age 12 and the couple would like to pay her fees up front so she does not have a HECS debt
• You would like to provide some additional financial support for Mitchell, when he becomes an adult.
• Bruce and Samantha, you both want to retire at the age of 60 and 65 respectively and after retirement you want to use up accumulated super funds.
• You have the intention to travel to Europe next year with the children for four weeks on a family holiday that is expected to cost $40,000.

The assets which are owned by the business are appropriately projected in the table which is presented below:

ASSETS	Type	ownership	$Value
Property	Residential		$         840,000.00
Campervan	Investment		$           28,000.00
Contents			$         150,000.00
Shares	Direct		$           45,000.00
Cash	Bank account		$           20,000.00
Vehicles			$           82,000.00
Bitcoin and term deposit			$           55,000.00
Managed fund
Superannuation			$         280,000.00
Office furniture			$           50,000.00
Total			$ 1,550,000.00

LIABILITIES	$Bal Owing	Mthly Repayment
Mortgage	$     420,000.00	$                        2,729.00
Mortgage
personal loan	$       10,000.00
Credit card	$       12,000.00	$673.36
Finance	$       10,000.00
Other loans	$       15,120.00
Margin loan
Finance
Additional Payments
Total	$ 467,120.00	$                        3,402.36

The above table appropriately shows the assets which is managed by both of you and the same suggests that financial position of Bruce and Samantha is quite favourable and they can successful implement all their goals and objectives. The net worth of the couple is also an important consideration which can help in better financial planning for the couple.

Income Statement

INCOME	Client 1	Client 2
PAYG - Annual	$        147,500.00	$          112,000.00
PAYG - Monthly	$           12,291.67	$               9,333.33
Net monthly	$             9,486.29	$               6,744.42
Dividends	$                          -
Interest	$             1,500.00
carer allowance
Rent
car allowance
Total Gross	$     13,791.67	$         9,333.33
SUPER -Conc	Client 1	Client 2
Employer	$             1,136.98	$                  863.33
current s/s
Total	$       1,136.98	$            863.33
Annual	$           13,643.75	$            10,360.00
Cap	$           30,000.00	$                            -
available	$           16,356.25	-$            10,360.00
S/S per month*	$             1,363.02	-$                  863.33
Total Conc	$           13,643.75	$            10,360.00
reduce/increase ss
Try S/S amount	$                 -
Net income	$        113,835.50	$            80,933.00

The above table appropriately shows the income statement for the clients and the main contributions for super funds for the clients so that appropriate efficiency can be maintained and more savings can be generated from the activities.

As per the recent risk profile which is followed by you during the period shows that you want to pursue a growth risk profile so that you can effectively meet your goals and objectives in an effective manner. The analysis of the information which is provided by you shows that you are willing to invest in volatile assets so that you can achieve growth in the returns from your asset. The investment mix which you would be maintaining would be comprising of mostly growth assets so that the return can be generated from the investments which is undertaken by you.

Bruce's % of Allocation
Class	% allocation
Cash	10%
domestic fixed interest	5%
international fixed interest	15%
Defensive	30%
domestic shares	15%
international shares	30%
direct property	15%
listed property	10%
Growth	70%
Mark's % of Allocation
Cash	10%
domestic fixed interest	5%
international fixed interest	15%
domestic shares	15%
international shares	30%
direct property	15%
listed property	10%

The financial strategies which we are recommending for the purpose of making improvement in the operational structure of the business are discussed below in the form of recommendations

• You want to reduce the overall expenses which are presented in your budget and the same is related to the current lifestyle. We would be recommending you to reduce the costs by incorporating a proper budgeting plan so that the expenses can be controlled in an appropriate manner. Some of the expenses which are presented in your financial budget shows that you indulge in luxury spending for certain expenses such as holiday, entertainment, grooming which can be controlled by you to a degree so that your surplus increases. There is also another plus point which is associated with your budget which is if you are able to reduce the expenses than you would be having more funds in your hands and thereby there is scope of savings.
• One of the goals of the client is to enhance the superannuation and insurance requirements of the business. We would be recommending you to opt for salary sacrifice option so that you are able to enhance your contribution to superannuation fund and thereby also assist you take advantage of the tax situation of the business. As per the information which is provided to me, I can see you both have proper net earnings. It would be an appropriate plan to opt for salary sacrifice option as the same would help in systematically enhancing your returns and build up the superannuation funds more. The aim of salary sacrifice (packaging) is to enable an employee to receive a combination of income and benefits in a tax-effective manner.  The salary sacrifice would also be assisting in appropriate development of projection of the financial results of the business. One of the main advantage of the salary sacrifice option is that it is tax effective and the same can help in appropriate generation of savings for both of you Samantha, you can also opt for salary sacrifice option which can also impact your savings appropriately. Both of you can contribute effectively towards savings for your future.
• One of the goals as you have specified with me is to meet the educational requirements of your kids and ensure that they get the best facilities in terms of education. I would be suggesting that you create an investment fund in the name of Mitchell so that proper funds can be allocated in the same and further savings can be generated. I would be asking both of you to contribute around $ 10000 in total to the fund which would give you appropriate savings at the end of the period. This would be creating a proper fund reserve to support your kids for further educations.. From the net income which you are able to generate, I would say that this should not be a problem for both of you.
• In addition to this, your fact sheet further shows that you want to travel to Europe with your kids next year and I would say that a mere bank deposit of the term deposit which is likely to mature next year would effectively serve your purposes and help in achieving your goals in an effective manner. It is further to be noted that such term deposits would help in maintaining your liquidity position in an effective manner.
• One of the main advises which I would be suggesting to both of you and especially Bruce is that you need to take medical insurance as the family background suggests that there have been problems related to medical illness. I would be suggesting that you take up life insurance, TPD insurance and income protection insurance so that proper security is available to you. The coverage which is provided by your super funds would not be appropriate as the same does provide the required level of safety which is necessary. This is an important point that you must consider so that proper level of efficiency can be maintained.
• In addition to this, Bruce and Samantha needs to hand out the power of attorney so that proper planning can be done. This is done so that proper estate planning can be done for your children and further appropriate retirement planning can be done.

		Current	Year 1	Year 2	Year 3	Year 4	Year 5
Income	Bruce	$     147,500	$       153,400	$     159,536	$       165,917	$     172,554	$        179,456
	Samantha	$     112,000	$       116,480	$     121,139	$       125,985	$     131,024	$        136,265
	Total	$     259,500	$       269,880	$     280,675	$       291,902	$     303,578	$        315,721
Medicare Levy	Bruce	$         2,950	$          3,068	$        3,191	$           3,318	$        3,451	$            3,589
	Samantha	$         2,240	$          2,330	$        2,423	$           2,520	$        2,620	$            2,725
Tax excluding Medicare	Bruce	$       42,522	$         44,705	$      46,975	$         49,336	$      51,792	$          54,346
	Samantha	$       29,387	$         31,045	$      32,769	$         34,561	$      36,426	$          38,365
tax including medicare	Bruce	$       45,472	$         47,773	$      50,166	$         52,655	$      55,243	$          57,935
	Samantha	$       31,627	$         33,374	$      35,191	$         37,081	$      39,046	$          41,090
Combined tax incl medicare		$       77,099	$         81,147	$      85,357	$         89,736	$      94,290	$          99,025
Net Income	Bruce	$     102,028	$       105,627	$     109,370	$       113,263	$     117,311	$        121,521
	Samantha	$       80,373	$         83,106	$      85,948	$         88,904	$      91,978	$          95,175
Combined net income		$     182,401	$       188,733	$     195,318	$       202,166	$     209,289	$        216,696
Current surplus		$       60,000	$         64,090	$      68,378	$         72,872	$      77,581	$          82,514
Estimated net expenses		$     122,401	$       124,642	$     126,940	$       129,294	$     131,708	$        134,182
Expenses + tax?		$     199,500	$       205,790	$     212,297	$       219,030	$     225,998	$        233,207
Cost of Living*		$       89,653	$         91,894	$       94,192	$         96,546	$       98,960	$        101,434
Car Loan Repayment*		$       32,748	$         32,748	$       32,748	$         32,748	$       32,748	$          32,748
Surplus available		$       60,000	$         64,090	$      68,378	$         72,872	$      77,581	$          82,514
Credit Card Repayment		-$         8,080	-$          8,080
Available after credit card repayment		$       51,920	$         56,010	$       68,378	$         72,872	$       77,581	$          82,514
Cash at Bank		$       20,000	$       127,930	$     196,308	$       269,180	$     346,761	$        429,274
Cash at Bank		$       71,920	$       127,930	$     196,308	$       269,180	$     346,761	$        429,274
Property		$     840,000	$       861,000	$     882,525	$       904,588	$     927,203	$        950,383
Super contributions - employer		$    14,012.50	$      14,573.00	$   15,155.92	$       15,762.16	$   16,392.64	$        17,048.35
		$    10,640.00	$      11,065.60	$   11,508.22	$       11,968.55	$   12,447.30	$        12,945.19
Super balance		$    90,000.00	$      90,439.00	$   90,807.35	$       91,099.77	$   91,310.69	$        91,434.24
Earnings		$      4,500.00	$         4,521.95	$      4,540.37	$         4,554.99	$      4,565.53	$          4,571.71
Tax on contributions		$      2,101.88	$         2,185.95	$      2,273.39	$         2,364.32	$      2,458.90	$          2,557.25
Tax on earnings		$          675.00	$            678.29	$         681.06	$             683.25	$         684.83	$              685.76
Balance		$    91,723.13	$      92,096.71	$   92,393.28	$       92,607.19	$   92,732.50	$        92,762.95
Fees		$      1,284.12	$         1,289.35	$      1,293.51	$         1,296.50	$      1,298.25	$          1,298.68
Final Balance		$    90,439.00	$      90,807.35	$   91,099.77	$       91,310.69	$   91,434.24	$        91,464.26

The financial projections which is presented above appropriately shows that  expected cash flow and profits which can he anticipated by you. The calculations have considered certain assumptions which are also portrayed appropriately below the table. In addition to this, the financial projection shows analysis for a period of 5years so that appropriate assessment can be made regarding the trends which are present in the market. The projections which are presented in the above table appropriately shows that your goals and objectives can be fulfilled. It is therefore imperative that you need to implement the financial plan so that more efficiency can be brought about in the operations of the business.

Conclusion

The above analysis further shows that proper financial planning has been undertaken so that proper projections can be done and proper planning can be initiated in the operational activities of the business. The above discussion further shows financial projections for the clients and appropriately enlists the financial goals and objectives of the clients. In addition to this, the discussion also shows recommendations which needs to be implemented by the couple so that they can further strengthen their position and maintain a certain pace towards their goals and objectives.